Carbureter.



Patented Nov. 30, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

INVENTOR WITNESSES:- I I M E'uiam? Jim 950m.

25 5 I I I Attorneys E. J. SIMPSON.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-2. 19H.

Patented Nov. 30, 1915.

3'SHEETSSHEET- 2.

aw W M CA in ,1 M

I I m ai I I z-L EIJFSIMPSON.

CARBURETER. 'APPucAnoN FILED NOV 2. I914.

Patented Nov. 30, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

I INVEZVTOR 'ljdwaf -ffiinepson. 9 BY 26 A Home'fis .WITNESSES:

* awai s" I I nnwa'ane; srmrson, or NEWXOBR, in; v.

oannunnrna;

I f o-a'll whom it may concern a .Be it known that-1 'EDWARD-J. Sunr ses, a citizen of the llriitedStates, residing in '-'thecity of New York, borough of. Brook? lyn, county of Kings, and State of-New York, have invented a" certain new and use- Which the follow ng s a- :tul' Carhureter, or

specification;

. This invention is a carhureter, andthg. object of the invention 18; to produce a' uni-- form. mixtuure of gasolene vapor and an: in

a simple, eflici'ent and eeono nicalmanner.

- Among the salient features of the inven tion may; be mentioned, first, the production of the explosivein-ixture front the liquid fuel, when the engine isru'nning at low speed,"'by air heated by the exhaust oi the engine"; second,- 'ineansflior simultaneously controlling thefuel'inlet valve to the carbuinter and the carbureted mixture to the enfgine; third, automatic means for admittln'gadditional air directly 'to the carbureter when the supply of heated'air to the-carbu-fl reter form the exhaust manifold is not suffi- I carbureted-mixture, when the throttle of the cient in quantity to. produce an efiici'ent engine is opened to such 'extent' a's to permit afs'ubstantially maximum supply of liquid. fuel; fourth, an auxiliary air inlet to the carbureter mechanically controlled by meeh-.

' anis'm' connected with the throttle of the thefintake manifold oflthe engine, so that the condensation heretofore prevalent in 180 iv resent invention, but the construction engine; fifth, a rotary valve for controlling theadmis'sion of the carburetedmixture from thecarhureter'te the engine, said'ro tary valve being controlled in an improved. manner, and, sixth, the improved formation and positioning of the carhureting chamber whefehy the carbureted-miXture,-'in passing from the carburetor, fiows --uninterruptedly,

without change of direction, directly into carbureters is obviated... v v

Features of the invention, other than those specified,"'will be apparent from the hereinafter detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawjing's and appended claims' In the accompanying drawings, I have llustrated one practical embodiment of'the shown therein "isto. be understood as illustrative, only, and -ofthe invention.

not asldefining the limits 1' Figure 1 is anelevation of a carburetor I constructed according to the present inven- I Specification ofLette ,tion, said elevation being viewed from the outlet'sidejthereof. Fig, 2 is a" side, eleva tion' of theficarburete'r. -Fig. Bisa' plan view thereof, l1 ig.- 4 is a central, vertical 9 section through the carburetor. Fig, 5 isa-x detail perspective of the gravity valvewhich I employ. Fig. 6 is atr'ansverse section taken o'n'line 6"6 of 4a. Fig. 7. is an mainder of the carbureterz Fig; 8 is asec- .tional view takenaonline 8- 8 ofFig; 7, showing some parts, in plan, 'whieh are not 7d included Ln-Figx'YR-Figi-Q is adetail View, a in plan,"of the valve seat for the valve illus- -tra: ted in' Fi-g. 5, and Figs. 10,1 1, and 12" arediagrammatic" section's; illustrat ng the sup-' ply of fuel to the-intake mainioldof the engine in the difi'erent positions ofthe outlet controlling valve.

Referring to the drawings, designates the-casing ofthecarbureter, which is prett- -erably cylindrical in form. (lasingv A is 80, provided with a flanged outlet 1 atone'sidethereof, which outlet is adapted to be positioned in alinement with the intake manifold of the engine.-

The upper "end threaded to receive a plug B provided with acentrally disposed aperture '6, through which. extends the stem-c .035 a rotary valve- Gn Rotary valve 6 is cylindrical in shape and is-positionedwi'thin casing A with its 9-3 outer circumference in engagement with the interiorwall ofcasing A Fixed onstem c of rotary-valve C, exteriorly of easing A, is-

I i 0 I 'I an arm 0 and the swinging of the arm by stem '0 serves to rotate said stem,"-with the-; result thatrotaryvalve C isturnedwithin casing; A.

Rotary valve G. is provided with a port D I substantially the same in'size and contour as outlet a ofthe earhureter, and, from one sideof port D, extends a slot 41., Thus, arm

0 serves as a. throttle arm and may he swung to. turn rotary valve G to bring port D into alinement with outlet 11. When port D coincides .Withoutlet a, the throttle is opened to its full extent, but, by revolving rotary- 1 valve (lithe throttle may be closed to-any desiredeXtent, or, when a very small amount of carbureted mixture is. desired, rotary valve C maybe turnedsoithat only slot 03,

a small portion thereof, is in alinement 1. with outlet a.

eaten, yatented Nov. so, was. a iic eoafiiemt enber 2,1914; serialneseataa" of casing Ads interiorly 35 I Gasolene or other hydrocarbon fuel is fed to casing A from a float chamber A, whlch I preferably cast integral WltlIClSlIlg. A, at one side thereof; From-the bottom of float chamber A depends a centrally disposed boss 6, having a longitudinally extending passage 6", intermediate the ends of which is a shoulder 6 with which. cooperates a valve munication with passage 6 in bosse. With-.

E normally seated against shoulder e by a spring 6 Liquid fuel is fed frornthe supply tank through a duct E, which is 1n com- 4 in the float chamber proper is positioned a float F, which may be of any suitablematerial, such as cork, or a hollow metallic cyl inder. Through the .center of float F passes a rod f, integral with which is a threaded plug f, adapted to be screwedinto float F. Rod f protrudes beyond the bottom of float F into the longitudinal passage .e at the bottom of thefloat chamber, and the extent to which rod fdepends from said float is 1 governed by .the threaded plug 7",. When a predetermined amount of liquil fuel is inthe-float chamber, the-float. is raised by. rea

son of its buoyancy to the upper part ofsaid float chamber, but,,whenthe fuelrecedes beyond such predetermined point, the lower end of stem f engages with the point of needle valve E and, because of the weight of float F, will depres's said needle 'valve against the tensio-n o'f spring 6 It will be .m'anifest that, by this. arrangement,' the the desired point, spring e automatically amount of fuel which it :is'desired to. maintain within fioat chamber A may be readily governed by adjusting plug f. when the fuel rises in chamber -A'- beyond closes valve E and precludes the inlet of further liquid until the floatis loweredbeyond the desired point. On top of float chamber A, and in alinen ie'nt withrod f, 1s a sprlng-retained pin f which serves as a tickler to operate rod f manually, if desired.

Liquid fuel is delivered into casing of the carbureter through a duct g, whichhas an-outlt through a nozzle 9 positioned in the central, longitudinal axis of rotation of rotary valve C. Nozzle g is mounted on, or formed integral with, a partition a near the lower end of casing A, and duct 9 passes through this partition to'the outlet end of the nozzle. I

Positioned within casing A and adaptedto rest upon the upper face of partition a is a flanged annular plate H, provided with'a central, threaded aperture, into which is adapted to be screwed the threaded shank ofa carbureting-member I, provided'with aninterlor passage 2'. Near the upper end, and at one side, member I is formed with an outwardly flaring mouth: 11, which is in width'substantially equalto outleta of cas} ing A, but much narrower in'height, see Fig. 1. Member I is so positioned within therefore, bepasse-d through pa'ss'age 2'. I have found, through experiment, that,

when an engine is running at low speed and using but very little fuel, the best results are obtained. when said gasolene is carbureted by air located above atmospheric temperature, and I therefore provide means, in the carbureter of the present invention, for utilizing the exhaust or spent'gasesfrom the engine in their heated statefor atomizing the hydrocarbon liquid. To this end, a tubular plug J is positioned with its upper end in contact with the lower face of partition a, and is held in this position by a threaded bushing J screwed into the interiorly threaded, lower portion of easing.

A. The interior of this plug is, by means of any suitable conduit J, placed in connection with the exhaust from the engine To allow of the passage of heated air through conduit J, plug J, and to passage 2', a plue rality of apertures 77 are provided in partition a, see Fig. 6. .Thus, ,as suction .inthe cylinder of the engine with which the carbureter of the present invention is assoof the engine will be drawn through conduit J, etc.,' and outlet a' to the engine; In passing nozzle 9, however,'the globule-of gasolene or other hydrocarbon fuel being fed I ciated, is produced, the air from the exhaust a v therefrom is picked up by the current, the 1 speed ofwhich breaks upsaidglobule into atoms, andthereby carburets the same.

'It may be well to state, at this point, that, in the carburetor of the present invention, it is desired, when the engine is'frunning at low speed, 2'. 0., the throttle opened only very little, that the carburizing of the motive fluid be accomplished by heatedair only,'or

byheated air in the main, since the best re- I sults are obtained in thism'anner. However,

as the throttle is openedstill farther and the capacity of the engine increased, much more air is needed, and, at this stage,',it is preferred to introduce air at atmospheric temperature inorder to provide all'the air necessary fora maximum degree of efficiency' in the engine. It may be stated, however, that all of the carbureting, z. 6., the breaking up of the liquid fuel'into atoms, is performed" entirely heated air, and any air at atmospheric temperature, which nex tween cu meant agar uie intake'j manifold of the engine, is miaed with the heated airafterthe'same' has ato ted. the liquid fuel. carbureter'op'-' er'a tingv on this principle Ilhave found to 'be f ar inoreeflicient than one whereln cold air,,o.r a1r at atmospheric temperature, is

employed to 'atoniiz e the liquid fuel. The

operation of atomizing the liquid fuel will the described, and the manner in which air; at atmospheric temperature is mixed with ajfuel vapor explained;

Assuming; that the a 'ottle arm c" 13 m suchposition asfto close throttle port D entirel'y, so that the only "communication be' I i letm'outhz" andbarbureter'outlet a ist ev shown; in Fig. 10, these positionsof the parts are prevalent when the, engine is running ats'ubstantially lowest speed.

When the suction' from the engine is communicated through the intake manifold to out-' let a, apartial'vacuum' is caused within passage dbfmember I. It will be remembered that member I 'fits quite tightly at its outlet mouth within rotary valve C,andit is bethisthat a vacuum is produced 1n 7 aus (i v a, passage 11, and not w thin the whole interior of easing A. When a pai tial'vacuum takes place within passage a'the heated air from 1 mt pa g a tary valve C, and through outlet a to'the.

the exhaust of the 'enginerushes-through conduitJ', plug J, and,' through apertures j,

' thence through slot cl'in' rointake manifold'of the engine. The velocity L, the stem of of this current is very great and, as 'it passes nozzle 9', ittakes up the globule of liquid fuel ema ating therefrom and immediately the same mto mist, whereby an breaks 11 1 explosive zmixture is" formed before" the heated air is passed through slot-cl. I

The proper amnmt ,of' motlve fuel fed fromnozzle g isregulated-by a needle valve which extends upwardly and is threaded through stem cof rotary valve C. A finger-piece Z, at the upper'end of needle valvestem L, allows of the adjustment of saidneedle. valve relative to nozzle 9'. A- lockingcollar l,=with 'whichicoiiitxk' erates a thumb screws Z is adapted to lock valve stem L in itsadjusted position stein 0, It will, therefore,jbe rnanifest that, in, the normal operation of rotary valve Q,

needle valve L isi"rigidly secured thereto and par-takes. of all movements imparted, to rotary valveC, ,7 3..

, Stem. 0 of, rotary" valve C, ,slidably mounted for longitudinal movement within plug B, and ,a spring K is positioned coaxially of the valve stem L, with its upper. end

against the interior wall ofthe rotary valve, and ts lower, end resting; on an anti-friction e ungwk, nesit ne n theupper end o memberl- .,SpringKaoperatesto normally i a i t retatyi a ve; Qteits apperm s p sition,

which. positionis determined-by a cam surface provided a smallportion of slot (1," as.

This cam surface is produced by a spring B. Diametrically opposite the side of plug of spring r1ng.M, an

point of rigid v security adjusting screw; N, is threaded through plug- M at on the bottom face of plug B. I

- ring M rigidly secured by screws m at one i-f'rota-ryva-lve C is turned, spring Kwill maintain roller 0 in: engagement with the under surface of spring ring M, which surface may be varied-"by adjusting screwN. It will appear from Fig. 7 that, if rotary valve: G is ismoved in counter-clockwise direction, the valve will'be forced downwardly against the turned in clockwise direction, spring K will operate' to lift valve vC, as roller 0 traverses'ring M, or, if sa1d valve tension of spring K by the cooperative action between ring M and roller 0. More-.

over, in view of the fact, as heretofore stated, that needle valve L is-normally locked to, and partakes of the movements of rotary valve 0, when rotary valve 0 is elevated,needlezvalv e L will-likewisebe elevated', and vice versa; It will thus be manifest that, when rotary valve C is turned to open throttle port D, the direction of rotation of 'said'valve being iriclockwise directio'n'to produce this result, the rotation of said valve simultaneously lifts 'need1e-valve-- L, with the result thatno z'zle g is opened more' 'and more, as rotary valve C is turned to open" the throttle. On theother hand,' as frotary valve C is turned to close the I throttle, it is depressed and simultaneously depresses needle valve L to shut off the'supply of liquid'fuel. Theramount of throw requ red to properly adjust the needle valve to the difierent speeds/of the engine may, manifestly, be regulated 'by'manipula'ting thumb screw "N to vary the angle of inclination' of' spring' ring M, 'Adjustingscrew N 1s adapted tobe locked in any of its'positions by a spring ,washern, through an aperture in which the stem of thumb screw N extends Diametrically opposite from the thumb screw N another aperture is formed in spring washer a, through which extends the stem of binding screw N", adapted ttolthreadiinto plug B; When binding screw N :is screwed down tightly upon thespring wa sher ,it' will belmanifest that the adjust- 111g Screw N will-be locked against rotation,

but, when it is desired to regulate said adjusting screw, binding-iscrew Nis loosened to, relax the tension on spring Washer 71/. This will allow of the ready manipulation of said adjusting screw N. However, whenl'the regulation; of, said s 4'3re 'w is, completed-i the screwing up of binding screw N will again Fig. 11, the passage of'air from the exhaust. of the engine through passage 2 and-slot d,

place the spring washer under tension, thereby tightly locking the thumb screw N against movement. r e Vith the foregoing in mind, assuming that rotary valve C is turned.- from the position' illustrated in Fig. 10 to that shown 1n willcontinue as hereinbefore described, but, at'the same time, the rotary valve Will have been turned to suchextent as to allow a por- 'tion of port D to be alined with outlet a.

This is for the reason that, as the engine gains speed, more carbureted mixture 1s required and more air necessary toproduce the proper mixture. Therefore, besides the warm air. drawn through passage 71, it desirable to add further air at atmospheric ,wardly and fit loosely in apertures 71 in valve P; Valve P is normally maintained seated by gravity, but, when the suction fronrthe engine cylinder becomes so great that not enough warm air can b'edrawn through passage 2, said valve is automatl' cally lifted'to allow the intake of-air intocasing A, whence it is drawn through out- -let a, as shown bythe dotted'arrows in Fig.

' 11; It will be noted, from an inspection of Fig. 11, and'particularly the arrows thereof, that the air at atmospheric temperature does not pass into the vaporizing chamber, but directly into outlet a'of the carburetor. Thus, the liquid fuel is-carb'ureted by warm air and mixed with the requisite amount of additional air after leaving the carbureting chamber and passing through the intake I manifold of the engine. This arrangement I have found to give highly meritorious results.

As rotary valve C is stillfurther shifted to its entirely open position, illustrated in Fig. 12, the operation of the carbureter will be exactly the same as that described with reference to Fig. 11, except that more air at atmospheric temperature will be used The path of the air currents,- when-the throttle is wide open,-is indicated by arrows in Fig.

12, the path of the heated air being shown in full arrows, whereas-the path of'the air currents at atmospheric temperature *are shown n dotted arrows. U a I In producmg. a carbureter, Elias-always been a big problem to provide-nieahs for' furnishing the proper amount of 'airfor engines of different capacit es and malsesyand,

in many cases, carburetors made forvone gines ofv other types. Accordingly, it 'h'as' long been sought to provide means whereby the proper amount ofair fed by the carbureter may be regulated for different typesof engines and the various speeds thereof. A simple method of producing th1 s result is incorporated in'the' present invention. Gas.- ing 'A is provided with a port 1", normally closed by a ring or band R, which 1s also provided with a port Band R is mounted exteriorly of casing A and is adapted to be rotated for the purpose of bringing port '1' into registration with ports 1". Throttle arm "0' is' provided with a depending stem 8, having at its lower end a finger 8 adapted to engage with projections S on band R, see Fig; 8. With this arrangement, the swing-'1 ing of throttle arm 0 automatically rotates band B, and the registration'of port 1' with port '1 may be timed, depending upon whichof theprojection's S the finger s is in engagement withe. 9., if" the parts are arranged as shown in' Fig. 8, port 1' will register with port 1", when thethrottle hasbeerr opened but little, whereas, if-band B were shifted so that finger a would engage with projections S farther around the band,-theregistration of the ports would take place at a later stage. This auxiliary inletof air type of engine are absolutely'useless on enmay bethus 'regulatedat-will, to'su-it the various needs. The air entering through ports 1' and a finds its way to carbureteroutlet a, between the upper circumference of rotary valve 0 and the inner circumference of casing'A, said rotary valve being of less diameter intermediate its ends'to allow however, said valve is of increased diameter substantially equal to the interior diameter of casing 'A,"wher'eby proper bearing surfaces for said rotary valve are provided.

" It will be manifest, from the foregoing description, thatthe carburetor of the presof this. 'At each end of rotary valve; C, i

ent invention its-extremely simplea'nd, yet,

posses'sesgreat merit; The intake of air'and. the intake of liquid fuel'are' simultaneously governedand, at the same time, the auxil-' iaryair inletis operated, WVhen the car-- bureter' is inproper adjustment,.thesimple I rotation of the throttle --arm jentirely controls all 'of the-parts thereof-to. produce maximum 'efliciency, and-the parts are so constructed and assembled that all clogging of the ducts, etc., is precluded and it is practically impossible for the carbureter to get out-of order. r

Having thus fully described the invention, what I'rlaim-as;new,--and desire to secure by=Letters-Patent,is I -1-.-In a carbureter, a casing having an outlet adapted to registerivith' the-intake manifold of an engine, a sleeve, provided witha-po'rt adapted to register with the outteam let of the casing, positioned within said casing for simultaneous rotation and long1- tudinal movement, a carbureting chamber interior of the sleeve, an outlet for motive fluid interior of the carbureting chamber,

' and a stem on the sleeve. extending through the wall ofcthe earbureting chamber and provided with means for rotating said sleeve, in combination witha valve arranged coaxially with the sleeve andsecuredfor rotation therewith, whichfl'valve, when seated, operates to. preclude the entrance of motive fluid into the carbureting chamber,

means for normally maintainingdhe valve and sleeve in a positionwherein the valve is unseated, a spring ring positioned on the interior of the casing and in concentric relation with the sleeve, said sleeve being maintained, at all times, in engagement with said spring ring, an ad usting member threaded through the casing and secured to said spring ring for the purpose of warping the spring ring out of a true plane to present a cam surface to the portion of the sleeve in engagement therewith, whereby the rotation of said sleeve serves to shift -said sleeve longitudinally of its axis of rotation to seat the valve and simultaneously close the outlet of the carbureter, and vice versa, and

' in alinement with the outlet of the casing,

means for locking the spring ring adjusting member in adjusted position.

2. In a carbureter, a casing having an outlet adapted toregister with the intake manifold of an engine, a stationary tubular member, the interior of which forms the carbureting chamber, positioned interiorly,

of thecasing, said tubular member having a stationary outlet mouth fixed relatively to the stationary tubular member and the outlet offthe casing, and extending to within close proximity of the'interior wall of the casing, and injuxtaposition with the outlet of the casing, a rotatable sleeve interiorly of the casing and eXteriorly of the carbureting chamber, and adapted to contact with the end of the stationary outlet mouth, whereby said sleeve normally serves to seal the outlet month, said sleeve being provided with a port adapted to simultaneously register with said outlet mouth and the outlet of the casing. when the sleeve is rotatedlto a predetermined position, means for introducing motive fluid into the carbureting chamher, and means for rotating the sleeve.

' 3. In a carbureter, a casing having an inlet and an outlet, the latter of which is adapted to register with the intake manifold of an engine. a stationary tubular mem her, the interior of which forms the carbureting chamber, positioned within the casing with one of its ends in alinement with the inlet of the casing and the other end whereby'the carbureted mixture passes unobstructedly from the inlet of the carbureting chamber to its through tinuous passage directly' into the,,;intake manifold of the engine,

thereby; precluding; j condensation with the carbureter, in; come bination with a rotatable sleeve internn'lyf of the casing and exteriorly of the 'curbureta ing chamber, and adapted to contact with.

the stationary. outletend of the-latterig;

said outlet. end, said sleeve being provided "whereby said sleeve-normally serves to sea U with a port adapted to simultaneouslyregis ter with said outlet end oi. thecarbureting chamber and the outlet I ofthe: casingwhen the sleeve is rotated to a predetermined position, means for'introducing motive fluidinto the-cafbureting chamber, and means for,

rotating the sleleve. 1

4 In a carburetor, a casingg a rotatable sleeve therein, and-means for rotating-saidc sleeve,-1n combination w th a spring 'ring secured to the interior of the casing-at one oint 1n the circumferencethereof, a memc'onstantly engage said spring ring, means for holding said member in engagement with er positioned on the sleeve and adapted to j said spring ring, an adjusting screw threaded through the wall of the casing'and secured-to thespring ring ata point substant ally d1ametrically opposite from the point of attachment of; said ring to the casing,-

whereby said adjusting screw'is adapted to warp the spring ring out of a true plane for the purpose offpresentinga cam surface to Y that pprtion-o the sleeve which contacts therewith a 's ring washer positioned on the exterior 0 said casing and. provided with an aperture through which. the adjust- 111g member extends, and means for placing sa1dwasher under tension to lock the adjus t' ing screw against rotation, v I

- 5. In a carbureter, a casing, a rotatable sleeve therein, and means for-rotating said sleeve, in combmation with a spring ring secured to the interior of'the casing at one point 1nthe circumference thereof, a mem-,- :bcr positioned on the sleeve and adapted to ing means is adapted to warp' the spring" ring out of a true plane for the purpose of presenting a cam surface to that portion of 'the sleeve which contacts therewith, and

means for locking theadjusting means against long1tud1nal movement.

6. In a carbureter, thegcombination of a casing provided with an outlet, a rotary valve positioned within said casing and provided with a port adapted to cooperate with means for permitting the passage of'air to the carb'ureting chamber and from said carburetingchamber through the outlet of the casing, for vthe purpose of carburetihg. the

liquid fuel, means for regulating the flow of liquid fuel to the .carburetingchamber, auxiliarylvmeans for admitting air at ,atmospheric .temperature. v into theoutlet of the casing. to be mixed with the explosive mixture subsequently to the carbureting thereof,

said liquidifuel controlling means and aux iliary ainiinlet. being, movable with the rotaiy valve, and a sleeve mounted exteriorly of the casing and provided "with a port adapted fiocoiiperate with a port in the cusing, said sleeve being operaitively connected 20 w'ith the means for rotatlng the valve,

whereby the port in the sleeve and the port in the casing are brought into registration at a predetermined time in the o oration of the carbureter for the purpose 0 supplyin .1-

name to this specification in the presence of 36 two sulosoribing witnesses.

EDWARD J. SIMP,S( )N1 Witnesses:

, CORNELIUS ZAnRIsinE,

FITzsIM'oNs' Copies of this patent me be obtained; for -five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner-of Patents a v p Washington,D.C. 

